4. The available figures show that the greatest number of urban residents needing new water services live in South -Central and South-East Asia and Africa. Among individual countries, the needs are greatest in India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Nigeria, Brazil, Pakistan, Korea and China.
5. Under the tropical sun women fetch water again, again and again. In parts of Africa, where surface water is scarce and ground water unobtainable, many women-hours are wasted through carrying a few litres of water from springs and rivers which are sometimes as much as 15 .km or 3 good hours’ walk away.
6. Under such conditions the amount of water used is nothing but the survival minimum, which must be rationed for drinking, little if any is left for personal cleanliness.
7. The earth has as much water now as it ever had: no more, no less, but the total population of the world is growing at a rate of 1.7% annually.
8. There is the engineer’s art of treating raw water, filtrating and chlorination. There are modern methods of collecting, pumping, storing and distributing the water. And yet the human suffering and economic loss resulting from inadequate water supplies are so great that bold measures are needed. The list of diseases that are favoured by lack of clean water is a long one. It comprises diseases transmitted by contaminated water as well as diseases associated with dirt. Every year about 500 min people suffer from diseases associated with unsafe water supplies.
Задания на усвоение лексико-грамматического материала основного текста
1. Прочтите 1-3 абзацы основного текста /время 2 минуты/. Выясните, какое количество воды необходимо для производства: 1 л бензина, 1 кг шерстяной ткани, 1, т цемента, 1 т ста'ли.
2. Просмотрите текст до конца, выделите и прочтите вслух предложения, в которых даны ответы на следующие вопросы / время 3 мин./: а) Сколько километров приходится проходить женщинам под солнцем с несколькими литрами воды, взятыми из источников? б) Какое количество людей ежегодно страдает от болезней, связанных с ненадежными источниками воды? в) Какими темпами идет рост населения во всем мире?
3. Просматривая текст, найдите 25 существительных, употребленных с артиклем, произнесите их вслух /время 5 мин./.
Словарь к основному тексту 4. /время 5 мин./ Повторите вслух за преподавателем или пр®-чтите с помощью словаря следующие слова и словосочетания. Затем прочтите их вслух самостоятельно, обращая внимание на русские эквиваленты. Постарайтесь запомнить как можно больше слов.
