Категория вежливости и стиль коммуникации | страница 54
Как известно, на приветствие How're are you? англичане, независимо от реального состояния дел, всегда отвечают одинаково позитивно – I'm fine / I'm great / I'm very well ит.д. С одной стороны, это можно объяснить позитивным взглядом на жизнь, а также нежеланием обременять других своими проблемами. Но, с другой стороны, это – своеобразная коммуникативная преграда, забор (hedge), который окружает англичанина, подобно тому как настоящая изгородь окружает его дом. Эта преграда устанавливает дистанцию и не позволяет собеседнику проникнуть в его зону автономии. Интересный пример находим в книге современной английской писательницы Дж. Ашер, где молодая женщина по имени Гариет (Harriet) разговаривает с матерью своей самой близкой подруги. После традиционного fine той стоило большого труда рассказать о своих проблемах с дочерью, за что она потом приносит извинения. Приведем этот любопытный отрывок:
'How is Juliet? asked Harriet… 'I haven't heard from her for some time – you know she was going through a difficult patch even before the miscarriage. Is she coping OK?
'Well, yes, thank you, Harriet. She's fine. She's a very practical person, as you know, and she's had the benefit of a good background and the family. I'm quite sure she'll handle this perfectly well… It happens all the time.. you just have to pull yourself together and to keep going, don't you?
'Of course.
There was an odd silence. Why did Harriet feel the old lady was trying to tell her something more? She seemed unsettled, and was frowning down at her coffee as if trying to decide something. Suddenly she lifted her head and looked directly at Harriet. 'I have no idea, she said briskly.
'Sorry?
'I really have no idea how she is. In fact I suspect you've probably seen her more recently than I have. I'm afraid she doesn't talk to me at the moment. I don't understand… She doesn't want to speak to me. That is it really.
'Well, she's been through a terrible time, hasn't she? Not just recently, I mean, but for a couple of years now. It's not surprising that —