Fibers may cross more than one intercostal space, Transversus tho-racis portion: Fibers attach posteriorly to the sternum. Fibers cross more than one intercostal space.
Internal thoracic vessels, branches of the subclavian arteries, run anterior to these fibers. Intercostal structures
Intercostal nerves: there are 12 pairs of thoracic nerves, 11 intercostal pairs, and 1 subcostal pair.
Intercostal nerves are the ventral primary rami of thoracic spinal nerves. These nerves supply the skin and musculature of the thoracic and abdominal walls.
Intercostal arteries: there are 12 pairs of posterior and anterior arteries, 11 intercostal pairs, and 1 subcostal pair.
Anterior intercostal arteries.
Pairs 1-6 are derived from the internal thoracic arteries.
Pairs 7-9 are derived from the musculophrenic arteries.
There are no anterior intercostal arteries in the last two spaces; these spaces are supplied by branches of the pos terior intercostal arteries.
Posterior intercostal arteries: the first two pairs arise from the superior intercostal artery, a branch of the costocervical trunk of the subcla vian artery.
Nine pairs of intercostal and one pair of subcostal arter ies arise from the thoracic aorta.
Intercostal veins: Anterior branches of the intercostal veins drain to the internal thoracic and musculophrenic veins.
Posterior branches drain to the azygos system of veins.
Lymphatic drainage of intercostal spaces: anterior drainage is to the internal thoracic (parasternal) nodes.
Posterior drainage is to the paraaortic nodes of the poste rior mediastinum.
New words
thoracic – грудной
wall – стенка
below – под
sternum – грудина
clavicle – ключица
xiphisternal – грудинный
true – правдивый
false – фальшивый
groove – углубление
above – над
anteriorly – раньше
intercostal – межреберный
subcostal – подкостный
portion – часть
transversus – поперечный
musculophrenic – мышечный грудобрюшной
paraaortic – парааортальный
mediastinum – средостение
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