According to expectancy theory, you must decide how hard you have to work to get an upcoming promotion. Then you must decide if you can work at that level (to get that promotion). The third link is deciding how much you value that reward (the promotion).
All three pieces of this equation determine your motivational level. You think of expectancy as the following equation:
where M = Motivation; E = Expectancy; V = Valence; I = Instrumentality.
Expectancy is your view of whether your efforts will lead to the required level of performance to enable you to get the reward. Valence is how valued the reward is. Instrumentality is your view of the link between the performance level and the reward. That is, whether you believe that if you do deliver the required performance, you will get the valued reward. Because this is a multiplicative relationship, if anyone of these links is zero, motivation will be zero.
You must be clear about telling your employees what is expected of them. It is critical that you tie rewards to specific performance. You must also offer rewards that your employees will value. Critical in this process is the employee’s perception of his or her performance. Employees will become demotivated when their performance does not produce the valued outcome.
You must be especially careful about building trust. Your employees must know that if they perform at the required level, you will follow through with the desired reward. Your credibility becomes a key component in this theory.
Source: www.accel-team.com
1. performance n – зд. показатели (результаты) деятельности; исполнение
perform v – действовать, выполнять, достигать
2. driver n – зд. движущая сила, двигатель
drive v – двигать
3. job n – работа, дело, труд, задание, рабочее место
4. opportunity n – возможность
5. downsizing n – уменьшение в размерах (повышение эффективности компании за счет уменьшения числа сотрудников и продажи непрофильных предприятий)
6. employee n – сотрудник, занятый
employer n – работодатель
employment n – занятость
unemployment n – безработица
unemployed n – безработный
employ v – нанимать
7. workforce n – рабочая сила
8. command-and-controlmethods – командно-административные методы
9. environment n – окружающая среда (природная или деловая), обстановка
10. empowerment n – наделение полномочиями, властью
11. team n – команда
12. reward n – награда
reward v – награждать
